What is a common element found in the works of Jane Austen?

The exploration of social class and marriage is indeed a central theme in Jane Austen's works. Her novels often depict the societal structures of her time, particularly the limitations and expectations placed on women regarding marriage and their social standing. Austen meticulously constructs her narratives around the complexities of romantic relationships, illustrating how social class influences these dynamics. Characters are frequently portrayed in the context of their social rank, and the pursuit of marriage is not only a personal affair but also an economic transaction deeply intertwined with issues of wealth and societal status.

This focus on social class and marriage enables readers to understand the parameters of women's lives in the Regency era and how societal norms dictate personal choices. In contrast, the other options do not align with the predominant themes found in Austen's narratives. The emphasis on supernatural elements is more characteristic of Gothic literature, while the criticism of industrial society is better represented in the works of novelists from the Victorian period who address industrialization and its consequences. Furthermore, while Austen’s works occasionally reference historical contexts or events, they do not prioritize their portrayal as a central theme, which diminishes the relevance of that option in relation to her overall literary contributions.