What is the primary focus of "A Passage to India" by E.M. Forster?

The primary focus of "A Passage to India" is indeed on the complexities of Indian society and British colonialism. E.M. Forster intricately explores the cultural misunderstandings, tensions, and the often fraught relationship between the British colonizers and the Indian populace. The narrative examines how these complexities shape personal relationships and intercultural encounters, particularly through the interactions of characters such as Dr. Aziz, Miss Quested, and Mrs. Moore.

Forster uses various settings, such as the city of Chandrapore and the symbolic Marabar Caves, to illustrate the broader themes of imperialism, identity, and alienation. Through these themes, the novel critiques the assumptions and prejudices held by both the British and the Indians, making it a profound exploration of colonial dynamics.

While romantic struggles are present in the narrative, they serve as a backdrop to the more significant commentary on colonialism and the intricacies of Indian society. Similarly, while the impact of World War or conflicts between religious groups might be elements that could provide a context to the characters' lives, they do not encapsulate the main thematic concern of the novel as effectively as the discussion on the complexities of colonial interactions.