Which of the following works is not written by Alexander Pope?

The correct answer is The Vanity of Human Wishes. This work is actually attributed to Samuel Johnson, a contemporary of Alexander Pope. Johnson's poem addresses themes of human aspiration, folly, and the transient nature of worldly success, reflecting his philosophical views on human behavior and morality.

In contrast, The Rape of the Lock, The Dunciad, and An Essay on Man are all significant works by Alexander Pope that embody his style, themes, and satirical approach. The Rape of the Lock is a mock-epic poem that critiques the triviality of high society. The Dunciad is a satirical poem that targets the pitfalls of literature and the culture of mediocrity. An Essay on Man is a philosophical poem that explores human nature and our place in the universe. Each of these works showcases Pope's wit and mastery of verse, making them integral to his literary legacy.